Nestled 62 meters above the scenic plain of Xirokampos in Leros, Greece, lies the enigmatic Castle of Lepida. Often referred to as “Paleokastro,” this ancient fortress boasts a rich history dating back to the Hellenistic period. Although only a few remnants of its former glory remain, the castle’s fascinating past continues to captivate visitors and history enthusiasts alike.
The Castle’s Byzantine and Knights of Rhodes Legacy
Used during both the Byzantine years and the time of the Knights of Rhodes, the Castle of Lepida served as a crucial stronghold in the region. Unfortunately, many of the medieval additions to the castle were destroyed in the 1950s.
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Historical Overview
In 1089, Emperor Alexios I Komnenos granted the castle of Pantelis to Saint Christodoulos, founder of the Monastery of Agios Ioannis Theologus Patmos. As a result, the Castle of Lepida became a refuge for the inhabitants of Leros in times of enemy attacks.
Throughout its history, the Castle of Lepida underwent various transformations, including its conversion into a monastery. Today, the Chapel of the Virgin stands on the site of an older, larger church as a testament to the castle’s monastic past.
Hellenistic Origins and World War II Impact
The Castle of Lepida’s original core is believed to date back to the Hellenistic period. Remnants of this ancient structure can still be seen at the base of the ruins of the later monastery’s mandra.
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During World War II, the castle was altered as an Italian machine gun was installed on the site. However, the most significant damage to the castle occurred in the 1950s when a priest, intending to turn the site into a cemetery, destroyed the medieval additions. Fortunately, parts of the walls and the Hellenistic tower incorporated into the monastery enclosure were preserved.
Remaining Structural and Architectural Elements
The Castle of Lepida’s remaining fortification elements date back to at least the Hellenistic years, with possible use during the middle Byzantine and knightly periods. The wall, preserved up to a height of approximately 2.50 meters, and a post-Byzantine church dedicated to Panagia, provide visitors with a glimpse into the castle’s storied past.
